Federal income tax calculator
Federal Tax Calculator
Estimate your US federal income tax using 2026 federal tax brackets, filing status and standard deduction assumptions. This tool is designed for quick planning and education, not official tax filing.
How this federal tax calculator works
This calculator starts with your annual income, subtracts a simplified standard deduction for your selected filing status, then applies progressive federal income tax brackets to the estimated taxable income.
Federal income tax is progressive, which means different portions of taxable income can be taxed at different rates. Reaching a higher tax bracket does not mean all of your income is taxed at that higher rate.
| Step | Amount |
|---|---|
| Annual income entered | $75,000.00 |
| Standard deduction used | $16,100.00 |
| Estimated taxable income | $58,900.00 |
| Estimated federal income tax | $7,670.00 |
| Estimated income after federal tax | $67,330.00 |
Estimated tax by bracket
The table below shows how much of your estimated taxable income falls into each federal tax bracket used by this calculator.
| Taxable income range | Rate | Taxed amount | Estimated tax |
|---|---|---|---|
| $1.00 to $12,400.00 | 10% | $12,400.00 | $1,240.00 |
| $12,401.00 to $50,400.00 | 12% | $38,000.00 | $4,560.00 |
| $50,401.00 to $105,700.00 | 22% | $8,500.00 | $1,870.00 |
What this calculator includes
The calculator includes a simplified standard deduction and federal tax bracket calculation for single filers and married couples filing jointly. It shows estimated taxable income, estimated federal income tax, effective tax rate, marginal bracket reached and income after estimated federal income tax.
What this calculator does not include
This calculator does not include every tax factor. It does not fully account for itemized deductions, tax credits, dependents, self- employment tax, alternative minimum tax, net investment income tax, capital gains rates, additional Medicare tax, state tax, local tax or every special tax rule.
Federal tax vs paycheck withholding
Federal tax estimates are not the same as exact paycheck withholding. A paycheck can be affected by W-4 settings, payroll frequency, pretax benefits, retirement contributions, health insurance, additional withholding, bonuses, overtime and employer payroll settings.
To estimate take-home pay after payroll taxes and deductions, use the paycheck calculator in addition to this federal tax calculator.
Example: federal tax estimate
For example, a single filer with $75,000.00 of annual income would subtract the 2026 standard deduction used by this calculator, then apply the federal tax brackets only to the remaining taxable income. The result is an estimate, not an official tax return calculation.
Frequently asked questions
Is this the same as my final tax refund or tax bill?
No. A final refund or tax bill depends on withholding, credits, deductions, other income, payments already made and many personal tax details. This calculator only estimates federal income tax from the basic inputs shown.
Why is my effective tax rate lower than my tax bracket?
Because federal income tax uses progressive brackets. Only the income inside a higher bracket is taxed at that higher rate. Lower portions of income are taxed at lower rates.
Does this include Social Security and Medicare?
No. This page focuses on federal income tax. Social Security and Medicare are payroll taxes and are better estimated with the paycheck calculator.
Does this include state income tax?
No. This calculator estimates federal income tax only. State and local tax rules can vary significantly.
Can I use this as tax advice?
No. This calculator is for education and planning only. It is not tax, legal, payroll, accounting or financial advice. Verify important numbers with official IRS resources or a qualified tax professional.